Novel Fast Radiation-Hard Scintillation Detectors for Ion Beam Diagnostics
515
P. Boutachkov, M. Saifulin, C. Trautmann, B. Walasek-Höhne
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
E.I. Gorokhova
GOI, St Petersburg, Russia
P. Rodnyi, I.D. Venevtsev
SPbPU, St. Petersburg, Russia
Novel radiation-hard scintillators were developed in the last years based on indium-doped ZnO ceramic with an extremely short decay time below a ns. Fast counting detectors and fast screens were considered as potential beam diagnostic applications of this material. At the GSI/FAIR facility, scintillation detectors are commonly used for measuring the intensity and detailed time structure of relativistic heavy ion beams. The scintillating material is inserted directly into the beam path. Signals from individual ions are counted, providing systematic-error-free beam intensity information. Standard scintillators require frequent maintenance due to radiation damage. To address this limitation, a large area ZnO radiation-hard detector was developed. The prototype detector operates at orders of magnitude higher irradiation levels, at higher counting rates and has better time resolution compared to a plastic scintillator. In addition, the novel detector material opens the possibilities for applications in other beam diagnostic systems, for example, scintillation screens for transverse profile measurements. Therefore, ZnO scintillation ceramics are of general interest for beam diagnostics.
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Time-Resolved Proton Beam Dosimetry for Ultra-High Dose-Rate Cancer Therapy (FLASH)
519
P. Casolaro, S. Braccini, G. Dellepiane, A. Gottstein, I. Mateu, P. Scampoli
AEC, Bern, Switzerland
P. Scampoli
Naples University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
Funding:This project was partially funded by the Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM) of the University of Bern, and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [Grant: CRSII5180352] A new radiotherapy modality, known as FLASH, is a potential breakthrough in cancer care as it features a reduced damage to healthy tissues, resulting in the enhancement of the clinical benefit. FLASH irradiations are characterized by ultra-high dose-rates (>40 Gy/s) delivered in fractions of a second. This represents a challenge in terms of beam diagnostics and dosimetry, as detectors used in conventional radiotherapy saturate or they are too slow for the FLASH regime. In view of the FLASH clinical translation, the development of new dosimeters is fundamental. Along this line, a research project is ongoing at the University of Bern aiming at setting-up new beam monitors and dosimeters for FLASH. The proposed detection system features millimeter scintillators coupled to optical fibers, transporting light pulses to a fast photodetector, readout by high bandwidth digitizers. First prototypes were exposed to the 18 MeV proton beam at the Bern medical cyclotron. The new detectors have been found to be linear in the range up to 780 Gy/s, with a maximum time resolution of 100 ns. These characteristics are promising for the development of a new class of detectors for FLASH radiotherapy.
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Fast Spill Monitor Studies for the SPS Fixed Target Beams
522
F. Roncarolo, P.A. Arrutia Sota, D. Belohrad, E. Calvo Giraldo, E. Effinger, M.A. Fraser, V. Kain, M. Martin Nieto, S. Mazzoni, I. Ortega Ruiz, J. Tan, F.M. Velotti, C. Zamantzas
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
M. Bergamaschi
MPI-P, München, Germany
At the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) the proton beam is supplied to the fixed target experiments in the North Area facility (NA) via a slow extraction process, taking place at 400 GeV. The monitoring of the spill quality during the extraction, lasting 4.8 seconds with the present SPS setup, is of high interest for minimising beam losses and providing the users with uniform proton-on-target rates. The monitor development challenges include the need for detecting, sampling, processing and publishing the data at rates ranging from few hundred Hz to support the present operation to several hundreds of MHz to serve future experiments proposed within the Physics Beyond Collider (PBC) programme. This paper will give an overview of the ongoing studies for optimizing the existing monitors performances and of the R&D dedicated to future developments. Different techniques are being explored, from Secondary Emission Monitors to Optical Transition Radiation (OTR), Gas Scintillation and Cherenkov detectors. Expected ultimate limitations from the various methods will be presented, together with 2022 experimental results, for example with a recently refurbished OTR detector.
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Simulated Behavior of CNT Wires Irradiated in the HiRadMat Experimental Line at CERN
527
A. Mariet, B. Moser, R. Veness
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
M. Devel, J.E. Groetz
UFC, Besançon, France
A. Mikhalchan, J.J. Vilatela
IMDEA, Madrid, Spain
With the planned increase of luminosity at CERN for HL-LHC and FCC, instruments for beam quality control must meet new challenges. The current wires, made up of plain carbon fibers and gold-plated tungsten would be damaged due to their interactions with the higher luminosity beams. We are currently testing a new and innovative material, with improved performance: carbon nanotube fibers (CNTF). The HiRadMat (High Radiation for Material) experimental line at the output of the SPS is a user facility which can irradiate fix targets up to 440 GeV/c. CNTF with various diameters were irradiated in HiRadMat with different intensities, later imaged with a SEM microscope and tested for their mechanical properties. In addition, simulations have been carried out with the FLUKA particle physics Monte-Carlo code, in order to better understand the mechanisms and assess the energy deposition from protons at 440 GeV/c in those CNTF wires, depending mainly on their diameters and densities. This could lead to a good estimation of the CNTF temperature during irradiation. In this contribution, we first present the HiRadMat experimental setup and then we discuss the results of our FLUKA simulations.
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